Chapter 12 Correlational designs

Correlational designs (designs with two continuous variables, which may or may not be observational)

## Parsed with column specification:
## cols(
##   rating = col_double(),
##   complaints = col_double(),
##   privileges = col_double(),
##   learning = col_double(),
##   raises = col_double(),
##   critical = col_double(),
##   advance = col_double()
## )


12.1 Description

12.1.1 Descriptive table

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## Warning: `funs()` is deprecated as of dplyr 0.8.0.
## Please use a list of either functions or lambdas: 
## 
##   # Simple named list: 
##   list(mean = mean, median = median)
## 
##   # Auto named with `tibble::lst()`: 
##   tibble::lst(mean, median)
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##   # Using lambdas
##   list(~ mean(., trim = .2), ~ median(., na.rm = TRUE))
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## Call `lifecycle::last_warnings()` to see where this warning was generated.
  advance complaints critical learning privileges raises rating
Mean 42.93 66.60 74.77 56.37 53.13 64.63 64.63
Std.Dev 10.29 13.31 9.89 11.74 12.24 10.40 12.17
Min 25.00 37.00 49.00 34.00 30.00 43.00 40.00
Median 41.00 65.00 77.50 56.50 51.50 63.50 65.50
Max 72.00 90.00 92.00 75.00 83.00 88.00 85.00
N.Valid 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00
Pct.Valid 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

12.1.2 Correlation matrix (numerical)

Correlations between key variables
Kendall's τ
rating complaints privileges learning raises critical advance
rating 0.655 0.356 0.449 0.444 0.031 0.132
complaints 0.655 0.386 0.451 0.488 0.078 0.172
privileges 0.356 0.386 0.355 0.335 0.087 0.273
learning 0.449 0.451 0.355 0.511 0.085 0.391
raises 0.444 0.488 0.335 0.511 0.201 0.395
critical 0.031 0.078 0.087 0.085 0.201 0.181
advance 0.132 0.172 0.273 0.391 0.395 0.181

12.2 Visualization

## Registered S3 method overwritten by 'GGally':
##   method from   
##   +.gg   ggplot2
Scatterplots and Pearson correlations between key variables.

Figure 12.1: Scatterplots and Pearson correlations between key variables.

Pearson correlations between key variables.

Figure 12.2: Pearson correlations between key variables.